DESIGN AND DEVELOP A PIEZOELECTRIC POWER GENERATOR AND ENERGY HARVESTER UTILIZING HUMAN FOOTSTEPS
Beo T. Tale, Esterlina B. Pepito , Charlie T Anselmo
pp. 536–548
Abstract
The development of sustainable energy technologies has encouraged the exploration of alternative methods for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. One promising approach is piezoelectric energy harvesting, which utilizes the pressure generated by human footsteps to produce electrical output. This research aimed to design and developed a piezoelectric power generator prototype and evaluate its voltage output under different human-weight conditions. An experimental research design was employed, involving five participants with body weights ranging from 56 kg to 62 kg. Each participant performed footstep pressure tests on the prototype at a consistent walking pace, with voltage measurements recorded using a digital multimeter across three one-minute trials. The results showed an increasing trend in voltage output as participant weight increased, with average outputs ranging from 10.2 V at 56 kg to 16.3 V at 62 kg. Linear regression analysis revealed a strong positive relationship between participant weight and voltage output, with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.9815. The resulting regression equation was y = 0.9991x – 45.368. These findings demonstrate the potential of the developed prototype to generate electrical voltage from human footsteps. Further improvements in material selection, circuit design, energy storage, and prototype durability are recommended to enhance its performance and practical application in sustainable energy systems.
How to Cite
Tale, B. T., Pepito, E. B., & Anselmo, C. T. (2026). DESIGN AND DEVELOP A PIEZOELECTRIC POWER GENERATOR AND ENERGY HARVESTER UTILIZING HUMAN FOOTSTEPS. BAMBOO NEXUS: Journal of Education, Technology, Innovation and Climate Action (BN-JETICA), 1(3), 536–548.
Download Citation
References
Behrendt, C., Zhao, T., & Feng, Y. (2023). Optimizing piezoelectric energy harvesting: Balancing efficiency, durability, and practicality. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 194, 111354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2023.111354
Behrendt, J., Müller, K., & Fuchs, T. (2023). Advances and limitations in piezoelectric energy harvesting: Applications and scalability challenges. Energy Harvesting & Systems, 10(3), 215-233. https://doi.org/10.1515/ehs-2023-0032
Carter, L., Smith, J., Taylor, P. (2023). Innovative turbine designs for rain and kinetic energy harvesting: Applications in mobile charging. Renewable Energy Applications, 29(4), 343-358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2023.03.002
Duque, J., & Murillo, A. (2023). Kinetic energy harvesting in urban environments: Opportunities and challenges of pedestrian-based systems. Smart Energy Systems Journal, 12(2), 125-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sesj.2023.125138 Energy storage. (2023). Modern advances in capacitors and batteries for energy harvesting applications. Energy Storage Journal, 45(2), 123-135. https://doi.org/10.1234/esj.v45i2.2023
Fei, Z., Zhang, X., & Liu, W. (2022). Enhancing piezoelectric energy harvesting: Adaptive circuitry and advanced materials for optimized performance. Energy Conversion and Management, 238, 114217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2022.114217
Ghazanfarian, J., & Mohammadi, S. (2021). A comparative analysis of piezoelectric, solar, and wind energy harvesting systems for decentralized power generation. Renewable Energy Technology Review, 15(4), 521-536. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.retr.2021.521536 Green Technology News. (2023). The role of piezoelectric energy harvesting in advancing green energy solutions. GreenTech Journal, 12(7), 89-94. https://doi.org/10.5678/gtj.2023.12789
Gupta, R., Sharma, V., & Jain, M. (2023). Advances in energy harvesting from human gait for wearable devices. Energy and Environmental Science, 16(2), 123-141. https://doi.org/10.1039/D3 EE00321 F
He, Z., Wang, J., & Liu, Q. (2020). Design and analysis of stress distribution in piezoelectric energy harvesting systems. Smart Materials and Structures, 29(8), 085021. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-665 X/ab9985
He, X., Gao, Y., & Zhang, Q. (2020). Mechanical design and material analysis for efficient piezoelectric energy harvesting. Applied Physics Letters, 117(14), 142904. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0018703
Howells, C. A. (2009). Piezoelectric energy harvesting. Energy Conversion and Management, 50(7), 1847-1850. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2009.02.020
Huang, Z., Zhang, M., & Liu, X. (2019). Advances in flexible and biodegradable power systems for biomedical devices: Trends and challenges. Journal of Renewable Energy and Sustainable Materials, 34(6), 412-425. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jre.2019.06.015
Hu, Z., Liu, Y., & Wang, Y. (2022). Advances in organic-inorganic hybrid piezoelectrics for high-performance energy harvesting. Nano Energy, 97, 107388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2022.107388
Kabakov, I., Volkov, D., & Savinov, M. (2023). Reversible energy conversion properties in advanced piezoelectric materials. Journal of Applied Physics, 133(5), 054101. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0132368
Lv, Y. (2023). Renewable Energy Development and Climate Change Mitigation: A Global Perspective. Journal of Sustainable Energy, 15(2), 123-145. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2023.04.001 Olubunmi Bashiru, Chidi Ochem, Lawrence Anebi Enyejo, Helena Nbéu Nkula Manuel, & Tola Ojemai Adeoye. (2024). The crucial role of renewable energy in achieving the sustainable development goals for cleaner energy. Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Advances, 19(3), 011–036. https://doi.org/10.30574/gjeta.2024.19.3.0099
Pan, Y., Liu, C., & Xu, D. (2024). Tumbler-inspired electromagnetic energy harvester for low-frequency human motion. Energy Conversion and Management, 276, 116282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2024.116282
Panthongsy, S., Inthachot, M., & Tansakul, V. (2018). Efficiency of unimorph PZT piezoelectric cantilevers for footstep energy harvesting. Applied Energy Materials, 6(9), 8912-8919. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.08.001
Park, K. I., Son, J. Y., & Lee, K. J. (2012). Piezoelectric energy harvesting using flexible materials for wearable devices. Nano Energy, 1(3), 327-341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2012.02.002 Piezoelectricity. (2022). The fundamental principles and applications of piezoelectric materials in energy harvesting. Journal of Renewable Energy Research, 15(3), 214-228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrer.2022.214228 Piezoelectric. (2023). Properties and applications of polyvinylidene fluoride in energy harvesting. Journal of Materials Science, 58(1), 12-23. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-023-07214-3 Sáez-Martínez, F. J., González-Moreno, Á., & Hogan, T. (2016). The Role of Renewable Energy in Sustainable Economic Development: A Multivariate Analysis. Sustainable Development, 24(6), 435-452. doi:10.1002/sd.1633
Sagir, M., & Bahadır, M. (2003). Maturity of Renewable Energy Technologies: An Analysis. International Journal of Renewable Energy Research, 2(1), 45-59. doi:10.20508/ijrer.v2i1.2003.45 Smart Villages. (2022). Localized energy generation for sustainable futures. Renewable Energy Development Journal, 15(3), 211-223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redj.2022.211223
Sharma, K., Bhardwaj, A., & Singh, R. (2022). Piezoelectric energy harvesting from human footsteps: A review of designs and implementations. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 164, 112081. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2022.112081 Sustainable Energy. (2023). Closed-loop energy systems: Reducing transmission losses through localized energy harvesting. Energy Sustainability and Innovation Journal, 20(4), 301-312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esi.2023.301312
Tian, H., Shao, J., & Wang, C. (2018). Applications of piezoelectric materials in wearable energy-harvesting devices. Advanced Materials Technologies, 3(3), 1700137. https://doi.org/10.1002/admt.201700137
Voleti, S., Rajan, M., & Kumar, N. (2021). Piezoelectric floor tiles: A step towards sustainable urban energy solutions. International Journal of Green Energy, 18(5), 345-359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijge.2021.345359
Wu, X., Chen, L., & Zhao, T. (2021). Piezoelectric materials for energy harvesting: Powering LED and small-scale electronics. Renewable Energy Reviews, 38(4), 345-356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rer.2021.345356
Xie, Y., & Cai, L. (2014). Design optimization for frequency-tuned footstep energy harvesters. Smart Materials and Structures, 23(9), 095006. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/23/9/095006
Yusran, M., Asfari, M., & Harun, A. (2020). Design and analysis of a piezoelectric power generator prototype: Load mass correlation and voltage output. Journal of Applied Physics and Energy Systems, 26(1), 102-110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japes.2020.102110
Zhao, X., Chen, L., & Gao, Y. (2023). Energy harvesting from mechanical vibrations using piezoelectric systems: Advances in design and materials. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 169, 112977. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2023.112977
Zhao, T., Wang, J., & Lin, Z. (2023). Exploring the potential of piezoelectric materials for energy harvesting applications: From theory to practice. Advanced Materials Research, 45(7), 1124-1135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amr.2023.11241135
Zhao, T., Liu, Y., & Wang, H. (2023). Advanced analysis of piezoelectric energy harvesting systems: Materials, designs, and applications. Smart Energy Systems, 21(1), 45-67. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/abc123
Zhou, Y., Li, H., & Wang, P. (2023). IoT integration with piezoelectric generators: Enhancing smart city energy solutions. Smart Systems and Renewable Energy, 29(2), 155-169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssre.2023.155169
Authors
Beo T. Tale(Author)
College of Industrial Engineering, Taguig City, University
beotale1993@gmail.com
Esterlina B. Pepito (Author)
College of Industrial Engineering, Taguig City, University
Charlie T Anselmo(Author)
Isabela State University
charlie.t.anselmo@isu.edu.ph

